A Study of Mesoamerican Iconography as a Basis for the Design of Ethnic Sportswear with Cultural Identity for the Salvadoran Teams of the Mesoamerican Ball Game

Abstract

The paper addresses the capacity of Mesoamerican iconography to establish design foundations for the creation of ethnic sportswear with cultural identity, based on the case of the Salvadoran national teams of Mesoamerican ball game, which have resumed the practice of the game since 2016. Through a qualitative research approach and the application of the Design Thinking methodology in its initial phases (empathize, define, and ideate), visual and symbolic elements were identified through an iconographic analysis of archaeological pieces and historical representations from the Late Classic and Postclassic periods (900–1521 AD) within Salvadoran territory. Design principles were established based on the iconographic analysis, classifying the emerging codes into "icons, visual elements, and symbolic elements." The results confirm that the study of Mesoamerican iconography not only contributes aesthetic and symbolic value but also provides the opportunity to create clothing designs that reinforce cultural value and national identity, through the integration of an ethical model between cultural heritage and design, generating proposals under an innovative strategy that promotes cultural visibility and sustainability.