Gender-based Political Violence in the Electoral Process of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador 2024-2027

Abstract

This article examines gender-based political violence in the context of the 2024-2027 Legislative Assembly elections in El Salvador, exploring how it differentially affects men and women. The initial hypothesis holds that this violence is based on gender stereotypes entrenched in society, reproducing established norms and roles. The methodology comprises a quantitative approach with a non-experimental design, utilizing a sample survey and complementary analysis of theory and media. The sample of 62 candidates reveals an unequal gender distribution within political parties, highlighting women's historical disadvantage in political representation. The motivations for entering politics show clear differences between men and women, highlighting the limiting influence of family obligations on women. Although no differences were found in the type of violence experienced by men and women, disparities were observed in the content of the attacks, with women facing symbolic violence, including from within their own parties. These findings underscore the need to address gender-based political violence to ensure equal participation of all people in politics, including those from the LGBTIQA+ community.